When we think about breast cancer, we often worry about symptoms like lumps or pain. But what if the risk is hiding silently in your genes—even before anything feels wrong?
Let’s talk about how your family history and DNA might affect your chances of getting breast cancer, and what you can actually do about it.
How does genetics play a role in Breast Cancer?
Breast cancer doesn’t always just “happen.” In some cases, it runs in families. That’s because certain changes in genes, passed down from parents, can increase your risk. These changes are called mutations.
The two most well-known genes related to breast cancer are BRCA1 and BRCA2. Think of them as your body’s internal repair system. When they work fine, they help fix damaged cells. But if these genes are faulty, that repair job doesn’t happen properly—and that’s when cancer can start developing.
If you have a family history of breast or ovarian cancer, especially at a young age, it might be a sign that these genetic mutations are present.
This is where a breast cancer doctor in Kolkata can help. They can assess your family history, suggest tests, and explain your personal risk clearly.
Is It Only BRCA Genes?
No, not at all. While BRCA1 and BRCA2 get the spotlight, there are other lesser-known genes like TP53, PALB2, and PTEN that also play a role. Mutations in these genes are less common but still significant. A good breast cancer doctor in Kolkata will know what to look for and when to investigate further.
What about a Genetic Test for Breast Cancer?
Let’s say your mom or sister had breast cancer. Should you get tested?
Maybe. But not always.
A breast cancer doctor in Kolkata won’t jump to testing straight away. First, they’ll ask about your family history, age, and other risk factors. If testing is necessary, it’s usually a simple blood or saliva test to check for specific mutations.
But here’s the thing: even if the test says you have a mutation, it doesn’t mean you will get breast cancer. It just means your chances are higher than average. That’s where prevention and early detection come into play.
Who is at High-Risk for Breast Cancer?
You can be at high risk for breast cancer development in the following cases.
- Family History
Individuals with a close family member (mother, sister, daughter) diagnosed with breast cancer.
- Genetic Mutations
Inherited gene mutations like BRCA1, BRCA2, and others that increase the risk of breast cancer.
- Age
Women who have crossed the menopausal age are at a higher risk, though younger women can also be affected.
- Personal History of Breast Cancer
Women who have had breast cancer in one breast are at increased risk of developing it in the other breast.
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
Long-term use of combined estrogen and progesterone therapy for menopause increases the risk.
- Radiation Exposure
Women who have had radiation therapy to the chest area, especially at a young age.
- Dense Breast Tissue
Women with denser breast tissue may have a higher risk and can make it harder to detect cancer on mammograms.
- Reproductive History
Early menstruation (before 12) and late menopause (after 55) increase risk due to prolonged exposure to estrogen.
- Obesity
Being overweight, particularly after menopause, can increase the risk of breast cancer.
- Alcohol Consumption
Regular alcohol consumption is linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.
- Physical Inactivity
Lack of regular physical exercise is associated with a higher risk of breast cancer.
Hereditary Breast Cancer Symptoms
Here are the common symptoms to watch for:
1. Lumps in the Breast
2. Changes in Breast Size or Shape
3. Skin Changes Over the Breast
4. Pain in the Breast or Nipple
5. Nipple Discharge
6. Swollen Lymph Nodes
7. Changes in Nipple Appearance
Is it Worth getting Genetic Testing for Breast Cancer?
Genetic testing for breast cancer can be a valuable tool for some individuals, but it’s not necessary for everyone. Here’s why it might be worth considering:
- Family History
If you have a strong family history of breast cancer or other cancers (such as ovarian cancer), genetic testing can provide insight into whether you carry genes like BRCA1 or BRCA2, which significantly increase your risk.
- Informed Decision Making
Knowing your genetic status can help you and your doctor make informed decisions about your health, such as considering early screening, preventive measures, or lifestyle changes.
- Risk Assessment
For those with a higher genetic risk, the results of genetic testing can guide recommendations for preventive surgeries or medications that can reduce the risk of breast cancer.
- Peace of Mind
If breast cancer runs in your family, genetic testing can offer peace of mind by either confirming or ruling out a higher genetic risk, allowing you to plan ahead accordingly.
- Personalized Treatment Plans
If you test positive for a genetic mutation and develop breast cancer, your results may influence the type of treatment you receive, as certain genetic mutations can affect how your body responds to specific therapies.
When is Genetic Testing for Breast Cancer Not Necessary?
Get to know when genetic testing for breast cancer is not required.
- No Family History
If you don’t have a family history of breast cancer or other cancers, genetic testing may not be required.
- Already Being Screened
If you’re already undergoing regular screenings (like mammograms) and have no known risk factors, genetic testing may not add significant value.
What Can You Do If You’re High-Risk?
If your genetic test results show a higher risk, don’t panic. You’ve got options.
A breast cancer doctor in Kolkata might suggest regular check-ups, starting mammograms earlier, or even advanced imaging tests. Some people at very high risk may consider preventive medicines or, in rare cases, surgery to reduce the risk.
It’s like putting up an umbrella before it starts raining. You can’t stop the weather, but you can stay dry.
Lifestyle Still Matters
Even with a genetic risk, your lifestyle can tip the scale. Eating healthy, staying active, and avoiding smoking or excessive alcohol can help reduce your overall risk.
And remember—plenty of people with BRCA mutations never develop breast cancer. Meanwhile, others without any mutation do. That’s why working with a trusted breast cancer doctor in Kolkata makes all the difference. They’ll personalise your care instead of following a one-size-fits-all approach.
When Should You See a Breast Cancer Doctor?
If breast cancer has shown up in your family more than once, or if a relative had it at a younger age, it’s worth having a chat with a specialist.
A skilled breast cancer doctor in Kolkata like Dr. Suvadip Chakrabarti can walk you through the risks, the tests, and most importantly, what actions to take next. Knowledge truly is power when it comes to breast cancer.
Conclusion
Understanding your genetic risk isn’t about living in fear—it’s about staying one step ahead. If there’s a family history, don’t ignore it. Get the facts, speak to Dr. Suvadip Chakrabarti, a breast cancer doctor in Kolkata, and take control of your health.
Breast cancer can be scary. But with the right guidance and early action, you can protect yourself and those you love.
